drill screwdriver

drill screwdriver

Repairs, as you know, never end. There will always be something to screw, pull and drill. For such work, it is simply worth buying a drill. This article will tell you how to choose a drill screwdriver.

Types of drill screw

• Household - intended for occasional use: sometimes they screw something, drill, repair, etc. The main difference between household drill screws and professionals is the low torque, up to 15-20 N * m. Such drill screws are not intended for regular, daily use. Yes, and they are usually not very expensive
• Professional - a work tool for furniture assemblers, carpenters and home craftsmen. A drill driver like this is designed to work flawlessly for hours every day. A professional drill screwdriver is stronger, which allows you to work with any fastener, even on very hard materials. It has many options for drilling (for example, with impact) and a capacious battery. Therefore, a professional drill driver is larger, heavier and significantly more expensive than a household one.

A drill screwdriver is a fairly versatile device that can perform a wide range of tasks. Depending on the purpose, there are several types of drill screws. Let's talk briefly about each of them.

The main task of a drill screwdriver is to tighten and loosen screws, bolts and other fasteners. A tight fitting fastener requires considerable force to loosen. Therefore, unlike a drill, the drill chuck does not rotate as fast, but creates a lot of resistance.

drill screwdriver

A more versatile tool. Its main purpose is to drill holes. Therefore, the drill driver has a high rotation speed of the cartridge. Several drilling options are available on professional models, including hammer drilling. Of course, an impact drill driver will not replace a full-fledged construction hammer drill, but it can drill through a brick or gas silicate block.

Electric screwdriver

Low-power household appliances, which are mainly used in furniture assembly and carpentry. The compactness of electric screws allows them to be used in places inaccessible to ordinary size screws - in the joints of furniture panels, for fixing table legs.

the key

Designed for bolt tightening and loosening. Especially useful if you have to deal with old or rusted equipment. A wrench is a fairly powerful device that creates a large moment of force. This is an indispensable thing for those who work professionally with cars and other equipment.

Types of drill screw to join

According to the current source, drill screws are divided as follows:

• Rechargeable Batteries - Get power from rechargeable batteries. Their main advantage is mobility. You are not tied to the outlet, you can safely move around the workshop, go to the most inaccessible places without extension cords and wires. It is convenient to take a cordless drill driver with you in the country, in the village and in places where it is impossible to connect to the electrical network.
• Often, the drill driver comes with a replaceable battery that can be charged beforehand. An important disadvantage is that, in an attempt to extend the life of the drill driver battery, manufacturers create low-power models. Batteries for drills can be of several types. Nickel-cadmium batteries are an old type of battery that is already obsolete in many countries due to environmentally harmful components.
• They have a relatively low capacity and are subject to the memory effect - if such a battery is not completely discharged before charging, then the maximum capacity of the storage battery is reduced in the future. Nickel-cadmium batteries require special care. It is recommended to keep the instrument almost completely discharged, periodically it is necessary to fully charge the battery. Their only advantage is the low price. Therefore, such batteries can be found only in the most budget models. Good if you don't plan on using the drill driver very often.
• Lithium-ion is the most common type of battery today. They accumulate a lot of charge, store well, have no memory effect. As a rule, these are the most durable batteries - they can withstand several thousand charge-discharge cycles, do not require special care. The only negative is unstable operation at low temperatures. If you have a choice, you should buy a drill driver with a lithium-ion battery. Nickel-metal hydride batteries work stably even at very low temperatures. Therefore, such batteries are installed in equipment that will work in the cold. Among the disadvantages are the same memory effect (although not as pronounced) and high wear (after 500 charging cycles, you need to replace the battery with a new one)
• Networked - connected to the electrical network. Corded drills are usually more powerful because you don't have to worry about the battery draining quickly. An obvious drawback is the presence of wires and the need to use an extension cord, which is not very convenient when using it on the street or under repair conditions in an apartment.

Types of drill screw motors

• brush (or collector). The collector motor consists of 2 parts - the moving (rotor), which is located inside the fixed (stator). Magnetic poles are attached to the stator from different sides. Sliding contacts (brushes) are placed on the rotor shaft. When a voltage is applied to them, a magnetic field is created, which causes the rotor shaft to rotate. This is how electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy. The brush motor is very common in electric tools.
• Its advantages: simple design that can be easily repaired, low price (cheap components are used), small weight and size (can be installed in compact tools). There are a few downsides. Brushes are consumables, they wear out especially quickly at high engine speeds. Such an engine has low power - the maximum speed of rotation of the shaft does not exceed 3000 rpm. In addition, sparks are generated when the engine is started. Therefore, do not use the brushed motor drill in an explosive environment (for example, if the air contains a lot of wood dust) or near flammable materials. Also, their efficiency is somewhat lower than brush motors.
• Brushless (or brushless) is a modern type of electric motor that is increasingly found in small devices. There are no sliding contacts inside. The rotation of the rotor is controlled by a microcontroller, which changes the stator coils and creates a magnetic field. Advantages of a brushless motor: no consumables and parts that wear out quickly; High efficiency and service life, speed can be adjusted in a wide range, safe to use in any environment (no sparks), withstands heavy loads. Disadvantages of the engine: high price, complex technical equipment.

Features of the drill screw

• The voltage is the so-called A higher battery voltage will allow the drill bit to produce more torque, which will help handle a larger diameter drill bit. The most powerful cordless drills have a voltage of up to 36 V. If you want more power, buy it with mains power. For average drilling, voltage up to 15 V is enough, if drilling harder materials, then 18-20 V is already needed, 6 V is enough for an electric screwdriver.
• Power - the more powerful the drill driver, the larger the diameter of fasteners in hard materials. This characteristic shows the maximum torque that the drill bit can use for turning or drilling. It is measured in newton meters (N*m). More torque means more power to the tool. The most powerful is the professional wrench - more than 1000 N*m. It easily removes rusted bolts and even nuts. The power of professional training is more than 100 nm. With their help, you can drill holes in gas silicate blocks and install suspended ceilings. Power drills up to 40 Nm help you assemble furniture and drill small diameter holes in solid wood and wood-based panels. The torque of electric drill screws is 10-25 N * m
• Torque - If you want to buy an all-in-one tool, your drill driver should be able to adjust the torque. At low speed (up to 500 rpm) the drill screws are stuck. High (up to 1500 rpm) is used for drilling in drill drivers. It is very convenient if the rotation speed of the cartridge can be adjusted by pressing the start button
• The presence of a reverse is a very useful option when assembling furniture. Reversing the chuck is useful for loosening drill bits stuck in screws and material. Today, the reverse function is present in most models of drill screwdrivers
• cartridge type. Bits are fixed in a cartridge - these are special nozzles that twist the screws. The cartridge can be keyless (you can change the bits with a few movements), magnetic (retains the bits due to magnetic attraction). Most often, magnetic chucks can be found in electric drills.
• For powerful tools, such a chuck cannot provide a strong grip, so a key lock is used (the installed drill or nozzle is fixed by turning the key of the side mechanism). This is the most reliable type of connection. It is used in rotary hammers and powerful drills. Four-sided and six-sided cartridges are designed for certain types of nozzles
• Power lock - prevents accidental pressing of the release key. Useful when working at height and if there are small children at home
• Magnetic attachment to body - allows you to attach unused bits, drills and bolts for ease of use
• Rubber handle - secures the tool in the hand.