instruments

instruments

Tools have been used by humans for centuries. The first tools were probably sticks and stones used for hunting and gathering. Over time, people began to make more sophisticated tools from materials such as bone, metal, and wood. These tools allowed people to do things like build shelters, till the land, and make clothes.

Home instrumental collection most often begins by chance, without a special plan and thinking about the purpose and purpose. But that's when the idea arises that it is no longer possible to tighten bolts with claws and paint windows with the first brush that comes across. Once you've reviewed what you already have and figured out what tools you'll need in the near future, start gradually filling out your home tool kit.

Listen to good advice: the main thing to be guided by when choosing hand tools is quality. In terms of features and reliability, a professional hand tool is remarkably different from an ordinary tool, from an amateur; The tool of well-known companies is not budget, but it is very convenient, practical and can serve its owner for decades. So, in short, today in our article we will tell you about the most necessary budgeting tools.

Hammers and screws

Hammers are one of the oldest man-made tools. Its purpose has not changed for hundreds of years, but, nevertheless, modern technologies have invaded here as well. In terms of the distribution of types of hammers, metal hammers are in first place, followed by nails, wooden hammers, hammers, hammers with rubber strikers, brick hammers and tile hammers. High-quality imported and domestic instrument models are made of hardened steel, have heads and handles with high-quality processing, a comfortable handle shape and excellent balance. Some models have a slot on the striker, which prevents the instrument from sliding when struck.

If you are planning to buy an electric drill, we recommend that you pay attention to the Black & Decker brand. The creators of this tool, focused on the needs of the home master, have always tried to ensure the reliability of their development. It is not surprising that the instrument of this brand was used even by astronauts on the moon during scientific experiments. Electric drills of the new generation have a soft pad corrugated, which imitates a diamond cut. All power tools are equipped with a three-meter cable, which is enough to reach the ceiling without using an extension cord. The reliability of the instrument is matched by a long warranty period.

screwdrivers

The wide distribution of screw connections, all kinds of screws and screws makes screwdrivers a tool of exceptional value. In order to prevent screws and other tools from being translated in vain, the screwdriver must exactly match the shape and size of the hardware slot. The simplest of splines is a straight, simple slot; The most common is cruciform (PH type). There is also a reinforced cross-shaped notch, similar to a cross with a four-pointed star turned 45 ° (type PZ). It is easy to check whether the screw fits into the slot - press a piece of plasticine into the screw slot and then insert the tip of the screw there. If all the plasticine is squeezed out, a screw is suitable.

Screwdriver tips and shafts should be made of chrome vanadium steel. Branded screwdrivers sometimes have a special tip treatment to improve grip on the studs. The handles of these tools can be plastic or wooden.

From the practice of an experienced home craftsman: the best option for working with an electrician is rubber-coated plastic handles.

Stanley's polypropylene screw grips with elastic grips are molded into a rounded triangular shape that fits perfectly in the palm of your hand. For electrical work, a small probe screwdriver is indispensable for detecting live wires and parts.

Measuring and marking tool

Steel rulers 300-600 mm and pocket tape 2-8 meters long are essential items for any craftsman. Awkward folding rules are almost a thing of the past. The caliper is a versatile tool that is equally suitable for accurately measuring the diameter of a drill or hole in a wall, the depth of a groove, the thickness of a steel sheet or board. When carpentry and locksmith work, you can't do without square measuring angles.

The simplest, but very useful construction tool is the measuring line. But, since modern decorating requires precision in dimensional compliance, save the levels for home renovations. A flexible water level is intended for leveling at significant distances between measured points. It consists of a light flexible hose, at the ends of which are inserted light graduated pipes, closed with plugs.

The level rail consists of a solid and precise metal profile, in which a measuring flask with liquid and an air bubble is installed. The length of this most popular construction tool is 40-100 cm, the accuracy of professional levels is usually 0.5 mm to 1 m, and half that for household ones. For marking wood you may need chalk and pencils, for marking metal, a hardened tool steel scribing needle and a center punch. Even in the finishing works, they use such a specific tool as a paint coat for beating.

Electric instruments

Today it is difficult to imagine a home master without an electric tool. Well, who uses hand tools now when electric is offered every time? But there are also electric grinders, chain and circular saws, woodworking machines, cutters, jigsaws, drills, punchers, screws, flat and angle grinders (grinders), wall grinders... These tools are now more and more confidently included in the arsenal. of the home craftsman, because more and more of our citizens are independently engaged in the repair of their homes and even find this occupation enjoyable. The vast majority of owners of private houses prefer to do everything with their own hands, and this requires a set of appropriate tools. But there is another reason to invest in the tool. Folk wisdom advises us not to give up anything. Who knows in what circumstances yesterday's hobby will come in handy... However, the topic of electric tools is quite voluminous.

Instrumental solitaire

So, to briefly introduce you to the hand tool, I recommend that you start collecting the minimum set of tools necessary for a home craftsman, a kind of "first aid kit" tool. Let's highlight a few toolkits for different purposes:

A tool for everyday use:

Steel ruler 300-500 mm, tape measure, carpenter's level, metal hammer, Phillips and flat-head screws in three sizes, clamp with insulated handles, construction claws, adjustable and pipe (gas) wrenches, triangular chisel, cutter, narrow and wide spatulas, flat chisel , claw lifter, construction knife, scissors, cutter, brush, brush, brush, abrasive block, electric drill, glass cutter.

Wallpapering tools:

Ruler 500 mm, measuring tape 5 m, plumb line with cord 100 g, paint cable for beating, steel brush, spatulas 30, 50, 80 and 180 mm, knife hardened with a pistol 18 mm, sand paper on paper and fabric, set of paint brushes, brush - Maklovitsa, paint roller, bucket, brush, gloves, mask, glasses.

carpentry tools

Folding rule, chalk, ruler, tape measure, square, level, nail hammer, hammer, pair of flat head screwdrivers, construction wire cutters, triangular board, jig, miter and miter saw, hacksaw, jig, punch, knife, small planer, clamp, Chisels and chisels, an awl, a few screwdrivers and rack clamps. From electric tools - drill, circular saw, jigsaw, planer, surface grinder, sharpener.

Metalworking tool:

Ruler, square, tape measure, center punch, scribe, caliper, metalworking and leveling hammer, pliers, pipe (gas) wrench, flat, round and triangular clamp, cutter and metal shears, torch, chisels of various shapes, taps and supports Cutter Carvings, hand and metalwork putty, leveling plate (piece of gauge), steel brush, paper on paper and fabric, as well as power tools: drill, angle grinder (grinder), electric jigsaw with special blades, surface grinder, sharpener.

Plumbing tools:

Tape measure, level, metal hammer, Phillips and flat head screws, claw and round nose, adjustable and pipe (gas) wrenches, standard socket wrench set, flat and triangular files, hacksaw, torch, vice, pipe cutter, chisel, awl .

Electrical repair tools:

Tape measure, nail hammer, 2-3 screws for different slots, claws, electric soldering iron, tester, auger, knife, drill, pipe cutter.

Storage and maintenance of tools and materials

Repainting the ceiling in a room, fixing a leaky faucet, or needing to screw on a doorknob requires supplies and a few tools. But soon their storage becomes a problem - after all, there are more and more different tools to store. It all starts small: a hammer, a brush, pliers, a screwdriver that fits in a cabinet drawer. But when they add a drill, clamp, screw pack, etc.

If you accidentally put a tool in a box, it quickly deteriorates, dulls, is covered with pieces, not to mention the fact that it will take more time to search for it in such a blockage, it is easier to get injured, and hammers, saws, keys and screws take up more space with this method of storage. Anyone with a penchant for tidying is quick to accumulate, often in alarming amounts, scraps of all sorts of materials and highly valuable knick-knacks. Drills and screws, half-empty cans of paint, pieces of boards and chipboard constantly appear in the house, a conscientious owner will not throw them away, because they will probably still be useful. Generations of home craftsmen have developed numerous recommendations for how to store tools and materials.

Use every corner, the space above the desk, inside the cabinet door or on the side of the table. Hand tools and saw blades are conveniently stored on panels equipped with metal hooks. Shallow shelves and drawers provide convenient storage for drills, files and other small tools. It is convenient to adjust the bedside table on rollers for power tools, by installing drills and other consumables on its doors.

Although the power tool is adapted to much tougher working conditions than household appliances, it is not worth taking this hardness to extremes. It should not be dropped, especially on a very hard floor. Periodic service maintenance of electric tools is necessary - cleaning of contacts, checking of mechanisms, lubrication. If the tool has not been used for a long time, its lubrication should be renewed. Never load the tool so that this load causes the motor to stop. Keep the instrument in a dry and warm place, do not expose it to direct sunlight or rain.